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Thyroid FNA Biopsy
For an FNA biopsy, the doctor uses a needle to remove a small sample of tissue from the thyroid gland.
Reasons for Procedure
The test is usually done when a lump, called a nodule, is found in the thyroid. Thyroid nodules are fairly common and most are benign and usually do not require treatment. However, a small percentage of nodules are cancerous. The needle biopsy is usually done to see if a nodule contains noncancerous or cancerous cells. It may also be done if the thyroid is enlarged even if there is no nodule present.
Possible Complications
Complications are rare but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have a needle biopsy, your technologist and radiologist will review possible complications, which include:
- Bleeding or bruising where the needle was inserted
- Pain after the procedure
- Infection
What to Expect
In the days leading up to your procedure, you will need to notify us of the following:
- Any allergies that you have
- Note any blood thinning medications you take. You may be asked to stop taking some medicines such as: Anti-inflammatory or pain drugs, e.g., aspirin , ibuprophen, Aleve, etc.
- Blood thinners like clopidogrel (Plavix) or warfarin (Coumadin)
- Also please arrange for a ride home from the clinic
Description of the Procedure
There are two types of biopsies:
- Fine-needle aspiration (FNA)—the most common type
- Core-needle biopsy (CNB)
You will be asked to lie on your back. The site of the biopsy will be cleaned with an antiseptic and the radiologist will insert a tiny hollow needle into the nodule to collect a sample of tissue. The process may need to be repeated several times. After the procedure, a bandage and pressure will be applied.
How Long Will It Take?
About 30 minutes, you may feel soreness at the site of the biopsy for 1-2 days.
After the procedure
When you return home after the procedure, do the following to help ensure a smooth recovery:
If you had FNA, remove the bandage the next morning. If you had CNB, remove the bandage in a few days.
- Avoid vigorous physical activity for 24 hours.
- Return to normal activities.
- Take approved pain medicine (e.g., Tylenol) for any discomfort.
- Be sure to follow your doctor's instructions.